ECMAScript Built-in Constants and Functions About Mathematics
Shen Lu
Posted on Feb 08, 2024
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8 min read (1431 words)
A plenty of built-in objects in ECMAScript can be directly used as mathematical constants and functions.
Value Properties | Description | Notation | Value (Number) |
---|---|---|---|
Infinity | positive Infinity | Infinity (+Infinity) | |
NaN | Not a Number | NaN |
Function Properties | Description | Return Type |
---|---|---|
isFinite(number) | determine whether a number is a finite number or not (Number.isFinite(Number(number)) ) | boolean |
isNaN(number) | determine whether a value is NaN or not (Number(number) !== Number(number) ) | boolean |
parseFloat(string) | parse an argument to a floating point number | number (float) |
parseInt(string, radix) | parse an argument to an integer of the specified radix | number (integer) |
Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER
), which is the largest number JavaScript can represent with a number primitive (or Number value).Function Properties | Description | Return Type |
---|---|---|
asIntN(bits, bigint) | clamp a BigInt value to a signed integer value | bigint |
asUintN(bits, bigint) | clamp a BigInt value to an unsigned integer value | bigint |
Value Properties | Description | Notation | Value (Number) |
---|---|---|---|
EPSILON | the magnitude of the difference between 1 and the smallest value greater than 1, which is approximately | 2.220446049250313e-16 | |
NaN | the value identicial to the global NaN | NaN | |
MAX_SAFE_INTEGER | the maximum safe integer in JavaScript | 9007199254740991 | |
MAX_VALUE | the largest positive representable number | 1.7976931348623157e+308 | |
MIN_SAFE_INTEGER | the minimum safe integer in JavaScript () | -9007199254740991 | |
MIN_VALUE | the smallest positive representable numberβthat is, the positive number closest to zero (without actually being zero) | 5e-324 | |
NEGATIVE_INFINITY | negative infinity | -Infinity | |
POSITIVE_INFINITY | the value identicial to the global Infinity | Infinity (+Infinity) |
Function Properties | Description | Return Type |
---|---|---|
isFinite(number) | determine whether the passed value is a finite number or not | boolean |
isInteger(number) | determine whether the passed value is an integer or not | boolean |
isNaN(number) | determine whether the passed value is NaN or not (typeof number === 'number' && number !== number ) | boolean |
isSafeInteger(number) | determine whether the passed value is a safe integer (between and ) or not | boolean |
parseFloat(string) | the function identicial to the global parseFloat | number (float) |
parseInt(string, radix) | the function identicial to the global parseInt | number (integer) |
Note:
Number.isFinite(number)
does not convert its argument to a Number before determining whether it isInfinity
or not, which differs from the globalisFinite(number)
function. SoNumber.isNaN(number)
does it as well.
Math
works with the Number
type. It doesn't work with BigInt
.Value Properties | Description | Notation | Value (Number) |
---|---|---|---|
E | the base of the natural logarithms | 2.7182818284590452354 | |
LN10 | the natural logarithm of 10 | 2.302585092994046 | |
LN2 | the natural logarithm of 2 | 0.6931471805599453 | |
LOG10E | the base-10 logarithm of | 0.4342944819032518 | |
LOG2E | the base-2 logarithm of | 1.4426950408889634 | |
PI | the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter | 3.1415926535897932 | |
SQRT1_2 | the square root of Β½ | 0.7071067811865476 | |
SQRT2 | the square root of 2 | 1.4142135623730951 |
Function Properties | Description | Notation | Return Type |
---|---|---|---|
abs(x) | return the absolute value of x | number | |
acos(x) | return the inverse cosine of x | number | |
acosh(x) | return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x | number | |
asin(x) | return the inverse sine of x | number | |
asinh(x) | return the inverse hyperbolic sine of x | number | |
atan(x) | return the inverse tangent of x | number | |
atanh(x) | return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of x | number | |
atan2(y, x) | return the inverse tangent of the quotient y / x of the arguments y and x | number | |
cbrt(x) | return the cube root of x | number | |
ceil(x) | return the smallest integer greater than or equal to x | number | |
clz32(x) | return the number of leading zero bits of the 32-bit integer x | number | |
cos(x) | return the cosine of x | number | |
cosh(x) | return the hyperbolic cosine of x | number | |
exp(x) | return the exponential function of x | number | |
expm1(x) | return the result of subtracting 1 from the exponential function of x | number | |
floor(x) | return the largest integer less than or equal to x | number | |
fround(x) | return the nearest single precision float representation of x | number | |
hypot(...args) | return the square root of the sum of squares of its arguments. | number | |
imul(x, y) | return the result of the 32-bit integer multiplication of x and y. | number | |
log(x) | return the natural logarithm of x | number | |
log1p(x) | return the natural logarithm of 1 + x | number | |
log10(x) | return the base 10 logarithm of x | number | |
log2(x) | return the base 2 logarithm of x | number | |
max(...args) | return the largest of the resulting values | number | |
min(...args) | return the smallest of the resulting values | number | |
pow(base, exponent) | return base x to the exponent power y (that is, x^y) | number | |
random() | return a pseudo-random number between 0 and 1 | number | |
round(x) | return the value of the number x rounded to the nearest integer | number | |
sign(x) | return the sign of the x, indicating whether x is positive, negative, or zero | number | |
sin(x) | return the sine of x | number | |
sinh(x) | return the hyperbolic sine of x | number | |
sqrt(x) | return the positive square root of x | number | |
tan(x) | return the tangent of x | number | |
tanh(x) | return the hyperbolic tangent of x | number | |
trunc(x) | return the integer portion of x, removing any fractional digits | number |
Note:
x ** y
is recommended to implement x ^ y instead ofMath.pow(x, y)
.~~x
is recommended to get the integer part of the given number instead ofMath.trunc(x)
.